Functional targets -- The chemistry of reactive groups -- Zero-length cross-linkers -- Homobifunctional cross-linkers -- Heterobifunctional cross-linkers -- Trifunctional cross-linkers -- Dendrimers and dendrons -- Cleavable reagent systems -- Fluorescent probes -- Bifunctional chelating agents and radioimmunoconjugates -- Biotinylation reagents -- Iodination reagents -- Silane coupling agents -- Microparticles and nanoparticles -- Buckyballs, fullerenes and carbon nanotubes -- Mass tags and isotope tags -- Chemoselective ligation: bioorthogonal reagents -- Discrete PEG reagents -- Preparation of hapten-carrier immunogen conjugates -- Antibody modification and conjugation -- Immunotoxin conjugation techniques -- Preparation of liposome conjugates and derivatives -- Avidin-biotin systems -- Preparation of colloidal gold-labeled proteins -- Modification with synthetic polymers -- Enzyme modification and conjugation -- Nucleic acid and oligonucleotide modification and conjugation -- Bioconjugation in the study of protein interactions